What is the difference between IPC and BNS?

The Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860 is the traditional criminal law of India enacted during British rule. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2024 replaces it with a modernized framework, renumbering sections and introducing new provisions like community service as punishment.

Which BNS section replaces IPC Section 302 (Murder)?

IPC Section 302 (Murder) is replaced by BNS Section 103 under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2024, with similar punishment provisions including death or life imprisonment and fine.

Which BNS section replaces IPC Section 420 (Cheating)?

IPC Section 420 (Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property) is replaced by BNS Section 318 under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2024.

When did BNS come into effect?

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023 came into force on 1 July 2024, replacing the Indian Penal Code 1860 across India.

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Infrastructure of Justice

The Legal Ecosystem

IPC

511

Traditional criminal statutes covering substantive aspects of law since 1860.

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BNS

358

The modernized criminal code replacing IPC with contemporary legal frameworks.

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BNSS

531

Modernized criminal procedure code replacing CrPC with digital-first protocols.

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CrPC

484

The primary legislation governing the administration of criminal procedure.

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BSA

170

Modernized rules of evidence replacing IEA for contemporary judicial proceedings.

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IEA

167

Comprehensive rules governing the admissibility of evidence in Indian courts since 1872.

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MVA

217

Comprehensive laws governing road safety, vehicle registration, and traffic regulations.

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NIA

148

Legal frameworks for checks, bills of exchange, and promissory notes in India.

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POCSO

Specific statutes for the protection of children from sexual offences and harassment.

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RERA

Real estate transparency laws and regulatory authority protocols for property buyers.

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IT-Act

123

Primary cyberlaw in India covering electronic commerce, digital signatures, and cyber offences.

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DPDP

Digital Personal Data Protection Act, establishing a framework for processing digital personal data in India.

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ITA 2025

298

Direct tax code covering income, corporate tax, TDS, and digital economy taxation.

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Schemes

100+

Comprehensive directory of central and state welfare initiatives and subsidies.

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