BACK TO SECTIONSAIR 1961 SC 600
N/ACognizable: N/AN/A
Reform Highlights
1
Renumbered from IPC 6 to BNS 7.
2
Unchanged in substance — consistent application of definitions throughout the code.
3
Particularly important for technology-related terms ('electronic record', 'document') expanded in general provisions.
THE STATUTE
The Clause
Every expression which is explained in any part of this Sanhita, is used in every other part of this Sanhita in conformity with the explanation.
Legal Commentary
Section 7 establishes a key rule of statutory interpretation for the BNS: once a term is defined or explained anywhere in the Sanhita, that definition applies consistently throughout the entire code. This prevents the absurdity of the same word meaning different things in different provisions. If 'person' is defined in Section 11 (to include companies and associations), it means the same thing in Section 185 (cheating by a person) as in Section 316 (forgery by a person). If 'document' is defined to include electronic records, that definition applies in every section that uses the word 'document.' This interpretive consistency rule is foundational to the coherence of a codified criminal law. It reflects the civilian legal tradition's emphasis on systematic, internally consistent codes — in contrast to the common law's piecemeal judge-made development. The rule has particular importance where broadly defined terms in the BNS's general provisions (Sections 1–52) expand the scope of specific offences. The definition of 'harm' as including harm to body, mind, reputation, or property applies every time 'harm' appears anywhere in the code.
Landmark Precedents
Gopal Vinayak Godse v. State of Maharashtra (1961)
RELEVANCE
Life imprisonment is for the natural life of the convict — BNS Section 7 punishment provisions must be read in light of this foundational sentencing principle.
Case Simulations
"The definition of 'injury' in Section 44 (harm to body, mind, reputation, or property) applies every time 'injury' appears in any provision of the BNS."
"The definition of 'person' including companies applies in every section — so a company can commit or be the victim of any BNS offence where 'person' is used."
Expert Insights
Yes — Section 7's consistency rule means that where the BNS defines a term, that definition applies throughout. The BNS's expanded definition of 'document' to include electronic records (in Section 2's general definitions) therefore applies to every provision that uses the word 'document', including forgery, cheating, and evidence provisions.